By Dr. Luis Gomez-Agustina, London South Bank University
Above: Practitioners undertaking room acoustic measurements using the balloon burst method.
Air-filled latex balloons are commonly used as impulse sound sources in room acoustics testing due to their simplicity, portability, and cost-effectiveness. Despite their widespread application in professional practice, education, and research, new findings indicate that this method may pose a significant auditory risk, particularly when balloons are burst at close range without hearing protection.
A study conducted at London South Bank University measured peak sound pressure levels from popping latex balloons of three sizes - small (9"), large (15"), and giant (36") - in various acoustic environments. Distances from the burst point ranged from 0.5 to 6 meters to simulate the positions of the person puncturing the balloon and others nearby.
Key Findings:
- At 0.5 meters, large and giant balloons exceeded peak impulse noise limits set by EU and UK regulations (LCpeak ≥ 137 dB) as well as U.S. and Canadian thresholds (Lpeak ≥ 140 dB).
- WHO guidelines for maximum safe exposure for children (Lpeak = 120 dB) were exceeded in all cases, even for small balloons at greater distances.
- Despite these levels, there is currently no standardised safety guidance or labelling related to balloon use in acoustic testing or public environments.
This research underscores the need for heightened awareness and updated safety procedures when using balloon bursts in professional contexts. The study recommends implementing hearing protection, increasing burst distances, and integrating risk assessments into standard testing protocols. Furthermore, it advocates for safety labelling on balloon packaging to inform users of the potential auditory hazards.
Balloon bursts may appear harmless but can produce dangerously high impulse noise levels. Professionals should recognise this risk, implement appropriate hearing protection measures, and update safety protocols and training accordingly.
This study is the first comprehensive investigation into balloon burst noise exposure and its potential for hearing damage in both professional and casual use. It aims to influence future safety standards, professional practices, and public awareness.
Access the full study:
Noise exposure and auditory risk from air-filled balloon bursts
